Chagatai Codex.

A codex containing the following four texts :. ff 2v-197v : Qavaid-i Turki, a grammar and vocabulary of an Oghuz dialect spoken primarily in Azerbaijan and Iran, written at Dhaka in 1198 AH for Sayyid Ahmed Ali Khan Bahadur by Muhammad Mehdi Tabrizi. Many of the forms described differ considerably from Ottoman Turkish. The text contains the following sections : Grammatical introduction in 15 fasls (4r-25v); Vocabulary, including both nouns and verbs, alphabetically arranged according to the initial and final letters (ff 25v-190r); and Khatimah, comprised of Turkish proverbs (ff 190r-197v);. ff 199v-236v - Sarf ve nahv ma'a lughat-i turki, a Chagatai grammar and vocabulary described in Persian. The text does not have an author listed. It is divided into short chapters, each beginning with بدانكه, and it gives occasionally forms that are specific to the dialects of Kashgar, the Turkmen or the Nogai. It concludes with a vocabulary containing prepositions combined with the pronouns, adverbs, short sentences and the numerals in Arabic, Persian and Chagatai, found on ff 224v-236v;. ff 238v-368v : Kitab-i zaban-i turki, a Chagatai vocabulary explained in Persian composed by Muhammad Ya'qub Jengi. The author says that Chagatai was the language of his ancestors, but that, having been born in Hindustan, he had to learn it from the works fo the masters. He concludes his preface with a eulogy on Alemgir Padishah Ghazi (Aurangzeb), as reigning sovereign, and with a piece of Chagatai verse in praise of him. The work consists of 14 babs in tabular form. The first thirteen contain 163 verbs arranged in alphabetical order, according to the initial letters, and conjugated through their main tenses. The fourteenth and last bab (ff 342r-368v) contains nouns classed under the following headings: heaven; earth; horses; hawks; parts of the body; kinship; weapons; numerals; particles, pronouns and miscellaneous words;. ff 370v-456v : Lughat-i turki tasnif-i Ahl al-Din Turkman bin Bayram Ali, a Chagatai vocabulary explained in Persian that might have been authored by Aghur B Bayram Ali Bi. The author says at the outset that the language of people of Turkic descent is confined to two forms of speech: Chagatai, the language of the Aymaqs, and the Turkmen dialect. While the Aymaqs say qayda and qanda for where, the Turkmen say khanda and handa. Again, the latter say ghali instead of qali and dash instead of tash. After some observations of the same kind, which, owing to the considerable mistakes found in the present copy, are not very clear, the author concludes by saying that he had collected in the present work the words common to both the Aymaqs and the Turkmen. The vocabulary is divided, according to the letters used in Turkic languages, into eighteen babs, in which the words are arranged according to their final letters. This manuscript was copied around 1850 CE in India by the Munshi of Sir Henry Miers Elliot.

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