Battersea Polytechnic was the founding institution of the University of Surrey. It was founded in 1891 under the City of London Parochial Charities Act (1883) scheme to establish Polytechnic Institutes throughout London. Situated in Battersea Park Road, the Institute was the second of three proposed Polytechnics for South London and was formally opened in 1894 with six main departments: Mechanical Engineering and Building Trades; Electrical Engineering and Physics; Chemistry; Women's Subjects; Art and Music.
During the years 1927 to 1939 the Polytechnic consolidated with a growing emphasis on science and engineering and the addition of metallurgy and the closure of the Art Department. Postwar expansion was curtailed by the site at Battersea. In 1956 the Polytechnic was designated a College of Advanced Technology and the name was changed the following year to Battersea College of Technology.
In the 1960s, Battersea College of Technology began the process of looking for a new site and of becoming a University. In 1966 it was given its charter and became the University of Surrey, moving to Guildford over the course of the academic years 1968-1969, 1969-1970 and 1970-1971.