The papers are largely concerned with Moskalenko's professional career, including translations of work from his Russian period used in support of his medical registration in England. Autobiographical material was also gathered to provide evidence about his professional training and experience. The principal categories in the collection are as follows:
- Printed works written by or contributed to by Moskalenko, mainly Russian, 1928-1977 (VM 1);
- Typescript autobiography, curriculum vitae and lists of scientific works by Moskalenko, in English, undated, after 1952 (VM 2);
- Typescript manuscripts of unpublished works by Moskalenko with associated correspondence, Russian and English, 1947-1976 (VM 3);
- Typescript and manuscript notes on surgery and anatomy by Moskalenko, mainly Russian, undated (VM 4);
- Printed books on surgery, anatomy and language annotated by Moskalenko, mainly English, 1904-1951 (VM 5);
- Personal correspondence and documentation, mainly in Russian and German, 1932-1967 (VM 6);
- Translated summaries in English of articles and thesis by Moskalenko relating to surgery, theatre procedure and medical conditions, and a typescript copy of his thesis in Russian, 1921-1951 (VM 7);
- Anatomical diagrams and photographs, undated (VM 8).